Abhirup Mukherjee
Head of Studio · Atomic City
Abhirup Mukherjee blends math, design, and product strategy to shape high-performing slot experiences. Known for his deep understanding of player psychology, game mechanics, and long-term retention.
LinkedIn →🎯 You began your journey as a mathematician and now lead slot design — how have these two worlds shaped your creative and analytical approach to game development?
💬 Thanks for having me. The journey has been genuinely intriguing. When I joined as a mathematician, I had no idea what I was getting into, and in hindsight, that helped a lot. A big part of slots design is how you frame mechanics so the math and design themselves drive retention. That foundation has shaped how I work.
🎨 When developing a new slot, what typically drives your process — the mathematical model or the creative concept?
🧮 + 🎭 = 🎰 There’s a saying, “Art brings you to a game; the math keeps you in it.” Both matter, but you start with the mathematical model and the mechanics, then layer in the creative concept. The best Artists always breathe, “Give me a mechanic and I’ll build the world around it.” So, yes, start with math, then take up art, and after a certain point both works hand in hand.
🔍 Having been in the industry for over a decade, what major shifts have you observed in how players engage with slot games?
📈 It’s still a fairly predictable industry. Games look fancier and some mechanics are more ambitious, but the core structure of slots hasn’t really changed. Anticipation remains the king, and how you show it determines the success around that particular game.
🧠 As a Head of Slots, how do you guide a concept from an initial idea into a fully realized, market-ready product?
🎬 It’s trickier than it looks. You imagine a slot a certain way, then concept art lands and it nudges the idea in a different direction. Often, you start with one vision and end with something else. That isn’t necessarily good or bad; it’s just that what you want and what gets built can diverge.
⚖️ How do you strike the right balance between introducing fresh mechanics and maintaining elements that players already trust and enjoy?
✨ Slots are simple, so familiarity is the driver. You need the right dose of innovation, which is usually less than people think. Three-bag games hit before COVID; four-bag took time to land. We’ve seen five, even seven bags on floors, and they haven’t all worked or a little ahead of its time. I can give many similar cases where familiarity outperforms novelty.
🤖 How do you see AI shaping the future of slot design — both in game math and visual development?
🧠 AI is already in play. Studios use it for concept art, and engineering cycles are faster because people can ship code in days, not weeks. But full AI-built games that players truly love at scale? We’re probably far from it.
🤝 What’s your approach to ensuring smooth collaboration between mathematicians, designers, and artists within a slot production pipeline?
👥 Knowing the team solves half the problem. Everyone has a working style. The better people understand each other, the better the output. The way designers, mathematicians, and artists communicate heavily shapes the final game.
🏆 Beyond performance metrics, what defines a “successful” slot game for you?
🎰 Beyond the KPIs, success is when players understand the game within a few spins, feel in control, and choose to return. The game should teach itself quickly, deliver a few memorable “oh wow” moments, and keep the pacing snappy without feeling like work. Under the hood, the math needs enough resilience to survive compliance tweaks, and the mechanics should be modular enough to spawn a sequel. If it earns player trust and becomes a brand you can extend, that’s a win.
🔮 Which emerging trend or technology do you believe will have the biggest impact on slot design in the next few years?
📊 We’re seeing a rise in truly persistent games, and that should grow. Pseudo Bag games aren’t going anywhere, but real persistence is making a comeback alongside interactive lock-n-spin titles that do a lot while staying easy to understand.
🧭 After years of leading creative teams, what key lesson do you believe every aspiring slot designer or mathematician should learn early on?
💡 You keep learning. How I designed games earlier is nothing like how I do it now, and it will change again. Even if slots feel stable, we have to stay adaptive and build for what players actually enjoy. The biggest mistake I see even seniors make is designing for themselves. We’re making games for players and that needs to always be the priority.
“Art brings you to a game; the math keeps you in it.”
Follow Abhirup Mukherjee on linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/in/abhirup10/